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badge of shame
A badge of shame, also a symbol of shame, mark of shame, or simply a stigma,〔(stigma ). Dictionary.com. The American Heritage Stedman's Medical Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Company. (accessed: January 13, 2008).〕 is typically a distinctive symbol required to be worn by a specific group or an individual for the purpose of public humiliation, ostracism, or persecution. In England, under the Poor Law Act of 1697, paupers in receipt of parish relief were required to wear a badge of blue or red cloth on the shoulder of the right sleeve in an open and visible manner, in order to discourage people from collecting relief unless they were desperate, as while many would be willing to secretly collect relief, few people would be willing to do so if required to publicly wear the "shameful" mark of the poor.
The yellow badge that Jews were required to wear in parts of Europe during the Middle Ages, and later in Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe, was effectively a badge of shame, as well as identification. The term may also refer to other identifying marks that are associated with shame. The biblical "Mark of Cain" can be interpreted as synonymous with a badge of shame. The term is also used metaphorically, especially in a pejorative sense, to characterize something associated with a person or group as shameful.
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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